Research investigating olfactory generalization from pure singular compounds to more complex odor mixtures helps to elucidate animals' olfactory generalization tendencies and inform ways to alter the generalization gradient by broadening or narrowing the range of stimuli to which dogs will respond. As such, the importance of generalization should be considered in the formulation of effective training strategies. The results of this study suggest that exposure to natural male axillary phero-mones can significantly enhance female perceptions of various aspects of male attractiveness.Generalizing to target odor variations while retaining specificity against non-targets is crucial to the success of detector dogs under working conditions. Use of the contraceptive pill or menstrual cycle phase had equivocal effects on some vignette items and neither had any influence on female ratings of male facial attractiveness. Pheromone exposure resulted in significantly higher attractiveness ratings of vignette characters and faces. The order of testing was balanced with respect to pheromone/control condition and menstrual cycle phase.

On two separate study days, corresponding to different phases of their menstrual cycle, stimuli were presented while exposed to male axillary pheromones and under a control condition (no pheromone). Thirty-two female undergraduates, half of whom were contraceptive pill users, rated male vignette characters and photographs of male faces on aspects of attractiveness. The present study investigated the effects of exposure to male axillary secretions on female ratings of the sexual attractiveness of male stimuli.

Previous research has revealed that natural and synthetic pheromones can enhance ratings of opposite sex attractiveness.

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